Resources | Frailty Science

Frailty Research Library

The Frailty Research Library contains selected publications organized by research topic.
Select a research topic from the drop-down list to limit the results.

Conceptual Models

Preventing frail health
Buchner DM, Wagner EH.
The physics of frailty
Bortz WM 2nd
Frailty and failure to thrive
Fried LP, Walston J
Accumulation of deficits as a proxy measure of aging
Mitnitski AB, Mogilner AJ, Rockwood K
Dynamics of stability: the physiologic basis of functional health and frailty
Lipsitz LA
Frailty in Older Persons
Ferrucci L, Windham BG, Fried LP
Stimulus-response paradigm for characterizing the loss of resilience in homeostatic regulation associated with frailty
Varadhan R, Seplaki CL, Xue QL, Bandeen-Roche K, Fried LP
Rationale for a preliminary operational definition of physical frailty and sarcopenia in the SPRINTT trial
Cesari M, Landi F, Calvani R, et al

Overviews of Frailty: research and clinical applications

Models, definitions, and criteria of frailty
Hogan DB, MacKnight C, Bergman H; Steering Committee, Canadian Initiative on Frailty and Aging.
From bedside to bench: research agenda for frailty.
Fried LP, Hadley EC, Walston JD, et al.
Research agenda for frailty in older adults: toward a better understanding of physiology and etiology: summary from the American Geriatrics Society/National Institute on Aging Research Conference on Frailty in Older Adults.
Walston J, Hadley EC, Ferrucci L, et al.
Frailty: an emerging research and clinical paradigm--issues and controversies
Bergman H, Ferrucci L, Guralnik J, et al.
The frailty syndrome: definition and natural history
Xue QL
Frailty: a review of the first decade of research
Zaslavsky O, Cochrane BB, Thompson HJ, Woods NF, Herting JR, LaCroix A
Frailty in elderly people
Clegg A, Young J, Iliffe S, Rikkert MO, Rockwood K
Frailty consensus: a call to action
Morley JE, Vellas B, van Kan GA, et al.
Integrating Frailty Research into the Medical Specialties-Report from a U13 Conference
Walston J, Robinson TN, Zieman S, et al.
Moving Frailty Toward Clinical Practice: NIA Intramural Frailty Science Symposium Summary
Walston J, Bandeen-Roche K, Buta B, et al.

Methodology, Physical Frailty Assessment

Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype
Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, et al.
Phenotype of frailty: characterization in the women's health and aging studies
Bandeen-Roche K, Xue QL, Ferrucci L, et al.

Methodology, Deficit Accumulation Assessment

Frailty in relation to the accumulation of deficits
Rockwood K, Mitnitski A.
A standard procedure for creating a frailty index
Searle SD, Mitnitski A, Gahbauer EA, Gill TM, Rockwood K.

Methodology, Pre-disability Assessment

Rationale for a preliminary operational definition of physical frailty and sarcopenia in the SPRINTT trial
Cesari M, Landi F, Calvani R, et al

Methodology, Reviews of Frailty Instruments

Toward a conceptual definition of frail community dwelling older people
Gobbens RJ, Luijkx KG, Wijnen-Sponselee MT, Schols JM.
Outcome instruments to measure frailty: a systematic review
de Vries NM, Staal JB, van Ravensberg CD, Hobbelen JS, Olde Rikkert MG, Nijhuis-van der Sanden MW.
The identification of frailty: a systematic literature review
Sternberg SA, Wershof Schwartz A, Karunananthan S, Bergman H, Mark Clarfield A.
Measures of frailty in population-based studies: an overview
Bouillon K, Kivimaki M, Hamer M, et al.
Frailty assessment instruments: Systematic characterization of the uses and contexts of highly-cited instruments
Buta BJ, Walston JD, Godino JG, et al.
Frailty measurement in research and clinical practice: A review
Dent E, Kowal P, Hoogendijk EO

Methodology, Validation

What would make a definition of frailty successful?
Rockwood K
Physical Frailty Assessment in Older Women: Can Simplification Be Achieved Without Loss of Syndrome Measurement Validity?
Xue QL, Tian J, Fried LP, et al.
Principles and Issues for Physical Frailty Measurement and Its Clinical Application
Bandeen-Roche K, Gross AL, Varadhan R, et al.
Discrepancy in Frailty Identification: Move Beyond Predictive Validity
Xue QL, Tian J, Walston JD, Chaves PHM, Newman AB, Bandeen-Roche K.

Biological Basis of Frailty

Biomarkers of frailty in older persons
Ferrucci L, Cavazzini C, Corsi A, et al.
Biological markers and the molecular biology of frailty. Longevity and frailty.
Walston, Jeremy D
Inflammation, coagulation, and the pathway to frailty
Kanapuru B, Ershler WB
The biology of aging and frailty
Fedarko NS
Connecting age-related biological decline to frailty and late-life vulnerability. Frailty: pathophysiology, phenotype and patient care.
Walston, Jeremy D

Epidemiology/Disparities

Prevalence of frailty in community-dwelling older persons: a systematic review
Collard RM, Boter H, Schoevers RA, Oude Voshaar RC
Frailty in Older Adults: A Nationally Representative Profile in the United States
Bandeen-Roche K, Seplaki CL, Huang J, et al.
Prevalence of Frailty in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Da Mata FAF, Pereira PPdS, Andrade KRCd, Figueiredo ACMG, Silva MT, et al.
Dissecting the Racial/Ethnic Disparity in Frailty in a Nationally Representative Cohort Study with Respect to Health, Income, and Measurement
Usher T, Buta B, Thorpe RJ, et al.

Interventions

Designing randomized, controlled trials aimed at preventing or delaying functional decline and disability in frail, older persons: a consensus report
Ferrucci L, Guralnik JM, Studenski S, et al.
The effectiveness of exercise interventions for the management of frailty: a systematic review
Theou O, Stathokostas L, Roland KP, et al.
Interventions to prevent or reduce the level of frailty in community-dwelling older adults: a scoping review of the literature and international policies
Puts MTE, Toubasi S, Andrew MK, et al.
Frailty Screening and Interventions: Considerations for Clinical Practice
Walston J, Buta B, Xue QL

Resiliency

Physical Resilience in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Development of an Emerging Construct
Whitson HE, Duan-Porter W, Schmader KE, Morey MC, Cohen HJ, Colón-Emeric CS
Report: NIA Workshop on Measures of Physiologic Resiliencies in Human Aging
Hadley EC, Kuchel GA, Newman AB
Physical Resilience: Opportunities and Challenges in Translation
LeBrasseur NK
Quantifying resilience of humans and other animals
Scheffer M, Bolhuis JE, Borsboom D, et al.
Can a Link Be Found Between Physical Resilience and Frailty in Older Adults by Studying Dynamical Systems?
Varadhan R, Walston JD, Bandeen-Roche K
Physical Resilience: Not Simply the Opposite of Frailty
Whitson HE, Cohen HJ, Schmader KE, Morey MC, Kuchel G, Colon-Emeric CS